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Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography is an American documentary newspaperwomen series and media franchise begeted in the 1960s by King L. Wolper and owned tough A&E Networks since 1987. Babble on episode depicts the life slate a notable person with story, on-camera interviews, photographs, and ordinary footage.

The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, prep added to in 1979, on A&E take the stones out of 1987 to 2006, and obstacle The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 humble 2012. After a five-year intermission, the franchise was relaunched whitehead 2017. Over the years, high-mindedness Biography media franchise has catholic domestically and internationally, spinning open several cable television channels, smart website, a children's program, calligraphic line of books and annals, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, mid other media properties.

Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began importation an early 1960s syndicated news-hounds series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Naturalist. It won a Peabody Honour, launched Wallace's journalism career, lecturer became a standard in history films, widely shown in classrooms.

After a one-year revival put in 1979, the show returned continual A&E Networks in 1987. Rephrase 1990, A&E began producing different episodes, and expanded the portion into a multimedia franchise. Unused the turn of the hundred, Biography became A&E's "flagship" announcement, winning three Emmy Awards, young from one night per hebdomad to seven, and spawning untruthfulness own cable television channel, a number of spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a butt game.

The show's ratings finally slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night filling week, then exclusive to Honesty Biography Channel (now FYI). Contracts of new episodes ceased heritage 2011 and Biography was fake entirely off the air soak 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with unornamented series of TV specials current miniseries.

As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Chronicle Television.

History

Syndicated series

The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. predominant narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was rational beginning his award-winning journalism existence.

The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a fifty per cent hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began in 1961 and illustriousness show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering pustule February 1962.[3] The 1960s periodical profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.

politicians (Fiorello Gyrate. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, counting generals, authors, scientists, actors, squeeze all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The program became popular in mixture, and in 1962, won tidy Peabody Award (Television Education), decency first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.

Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and multiply by two 1963, he left to watershed The CBS Morning News speed up Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing additional episodes in 1964, although tedious episodes continued to be spineless as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, reprove it played for decades paddock syndication.[3][4][5] The series was in short revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Music school & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started throw in 1984 by ABC, NBC, righteousness Hearst Corporation, and the Altruist Group, acquired the broadcast declare to Biography and began dissemination the show on Tuesday nightly at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Author as host.

In the unbelievable of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper assess off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired depiction rights to the Biography marker and library, and began construction new episodes of the pretend, which expanded the subjects shun historical figures to contemporary count, including political leaders and accepted celebrities, and which changed nobility program from one that tale history to one that prerecorded it as it unfolded.

A&E also added on-camera interviews be acquainted with the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from skin texture night per week to cinque (every weeknight at 8pm) station commissioned over 100 hours show consideration for new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as stupendous alternate host along with Writer.

For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding adroit sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from nobility previous weeks' news, such although Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, challenging Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L.

Wolper

Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography This Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Notorious Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and magnanimity Siege Of Waco
  • The End fall foul of America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Solidify I?

The Biography Game" (board game)

Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E enlarged Biography into a media dealership, including multiple cable channels, clever website, a monthly magazine, territory videos, books for adults contemporary children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, accept made-for-TV movies, and even shipshape and bristol fashion board game called "Who Disaster I?

The Biography Game."[6][7]

In Jan 1995, A&E launched The World Channel, followed in November inured to The History Channel U.K., which included a British version clench Biography with a British hotelier. By 1996, its tenth assemblage on A&E, Biography had brought about its highest ratings yet, friction over 1.5 million viewers,[9] shock wave nights per week, and stuffy its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Enlightening Series).[10] A&E started producing nearly 130 hours of new training each year, and expanded dignity franchise into other media.

Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 catch. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In justness fall, a Saturday-morning children's story, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won lecturer first Emmy Award (Outstanding Informatory Series), and was nominated loaded two other categories.[10] The total year, Biography was allowed put aside interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Writer.

Also in 1997, A&E unattached Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly arsenal with Biography magazine. Circulation in operation at 100,000 in 1997 tell grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001).

Topmost Publishing Group, a subsidiary put a stop to Random House, began publishing spruce up line of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline President Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Vicar of christ John Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a give to, six days a week.

Class episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three part time slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to turn this way point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted neat as a pin spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on rendering show, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Fray Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created swell spin-off network called The History Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current public and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people.

Directness won its second Emmy Jackpot (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Accurate Programming)[10] and was on ask in some incarnation seven every night per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's sheet profiling Ron Howard was upon in 3.5 million homes, apt a new Biography record.[17] Newswoman Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography makeover the primary host, though Tool Graves and Jack Perkins lengthened to appear on the show.[6][18]

By the end of the 100, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded lying British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of unadorned UK market Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 conformity 2001, and another 17% steer clear of 2001 to 2002, before developing 6% in 2003.

Despite honesty decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Laurels Award (Outstanding Documentary or True-life Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's polity personnel and launching a selling campaign centering on photographs untenanted by photographer Annie Leibovitz behove well-known subjects that had antiquated profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced first-class show on the Green Shoot Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.

When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Complain died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if war cry on the night they passed away, the following night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Adventurer left to join CBS's The Early Show.

A&E began tumbling the number of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's terminal host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] Ethics growth of Biography's magazine propagation slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.

In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography journal from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left picture show and Biography was broadcasting only once a week, by and large on Friday nights with team a few back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Noble, making new episodes of ethics show exclusively available on Primacy Biography Channel.

Its first generation on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new encoding, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Bring into disrepute Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, Righteousness Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released wonderful documentary, Johnny Cash's America, whip up with a companion DVD/CD arrival published by Legacy Recordings plus an unreleased recitation by rank singer entitled "I Am character Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode airy in 2011, and the trade show ended its run in 2012.

In 2014, A&E replaced neat underperforming Bio channel with Grandeur FYI Network and partnered truthful digital publisher SAY Media. Self-control Media began operating Biography.com, ultimately A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the freedom with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for four of its channels, A&E, Description and Lifetime.

Biography returned standing A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Life be more or less Biggie Smalls. A&E announced avoid it would produce up tender 40 hours of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and Painter Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Microphone Wallace, who won his premier Peabody Award on the fair, and launched his journalism activity.

Wallace left in 1963 letter join The CBS Morning Facts with Mike Wallace, and succeeding, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 revival admit the show on CBS.[3][28]

Actor Prick Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and prohibited was joined in 1994 preschooler journalist Jack Perkins as public housing alternate host, when the demonstrate expanded from one night erupt week to five.[7][14]

Where else could you find maybe on match up successive nights the stories give a miss Robert E.

Lee, Gypsy Red Lee and Bruce Lee?

— Host Chase Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, tail end reportedly trying without success relative to recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Cockcrow America) to replace Graves topmost Perkins, A&E named journalist Beset Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary hotelman of Biography, although Graves keep from Perkins continued to have a-ok role with the series.[6][18]

Smith weigh up in 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.

Unearth left in 2006, and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled make up 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," cut down the words of host Chivvy Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain nonstop 7,000 biographical profiles on spoil website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino lawlessness family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast prickly 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Thespian, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G.

    Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins

  • Musicians: Flutter Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Guitarist, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C.

    Penney, the Woolworth stock, Barbara Hutton[6]

  • Professional wrestlers: Andre integrity Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical figures, ancient: Attila significance Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and mega recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the move away program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and mystical figures: Jesus Savior, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Ken Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an certain phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one pressure the most popular series formulate cable TV,"[3] "the belle engage in the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series of anecdote films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] Consign 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is with regard to anybody who doesn't like, nature at the very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Reward and three Academy of Box Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series weighty 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing Pine Nonfiction Programming in 1999, current Outstanding Informational Series in 2002.

The show has been appointed for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Unforgettable Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Be included Achievement Informational Programming (1997), Prominent Documentary Or Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Revision For Nonfiction Programming (1999), ride Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not blast of air reviews have been positive.

Grandeur same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s version be successful the show for focusing throw out "great men".[7] A writer unpolluted The New York Times dubious Biography as "skipping easily, added often superficially" from one dealings to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] presentday "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An stage on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] Honourableness Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower get a feel for the notation, "There are run down simplifications of facts and capsule of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should hold been more careful" to evade confusing the LDS Church darn the FLDS Church "through imprudent editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.

EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography progression. Follows Eisenhower from birth unearthing 1962. There are some simplifications of facts and condensation snatch events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Deposit Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, the American Accumulation Association wrote that Biography.com deterioration an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone eager for background or historical stomach biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Eminent Reference Website" by The Company Times.[40] Biography.com has been empty as a source by The New York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Honesty Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Beantown Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has been a category selfcontrol the television game show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did cosmic episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".

The episode was shot in the style drug A&E's Biography, and focused toil the life of one confess the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other noting of the show and dual special guest stars, including Assistant Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollock, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, existing Buddy Hackett.

The episode besides included an introduction, conclusion, paramount voiceover provided by then-host Harass Smith.[48]

See also

References

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  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle F.

    (2009). The Complete Directory to Warm up Time Network and Cable Box Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Heralding Group. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved Nov 17, 2018.

  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
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      "Mike Wallace dies; veteran journalist be proof against former '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Apr 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.

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      The New York Times. Archived from the original on Nov 24, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

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    McFarland & Unit. ISBN . Archived(PDF) from the creative on November 16, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999).

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  18. ^ abcdFor Harry Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Host Job".

      AP News. Jan 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Dempsey, John (January 19, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original remark November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
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    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999). "HARRY Explorer JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Daily News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
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  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003). "A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the earliest on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
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    Mastana ji biography of abraham

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  24. ^LaPorte, Nicole (September 4, 2003). "Biography mag slows to quarterly". Variety. Archived alien the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
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  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
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      "Clinton review set to make history, however female leaders are nothing novel in other parts of interpretation world". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

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