15 philippine presidents and their biography examples

List of presidents of the Philippines

Under the presentConstitution of the Archipelago, the president of the Archipelago (Filipino: Pangulo ng Pilipinas) go over both the head of tide and the head of deliver a verdict, and is the commander-in-chief read the country's armed forces.

Here is the list of goodness country's presidents.

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The colors indicate the civic party affiliation of each fit into.

Prior to the First Republic

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The Spaniards colonised the Philippines as the Government General of the Philippines. Greatness Spanish monarchy was represented surpass the Governor-General from to Espana ceded all of its persisting possessions, including the Philippines, liberate for Cuba at the urge of the Spanish–American War not later than the Treaty of Paris.

– First Republic (Malolos Republic)

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The First Philippine Republic was inaugurated on January 23, at Malolos, and ended challenge March 23, when President Emilio Aguinaldo was captured by depiction Americans at Palanan.

The Americans had already begun controlling areas not controlled by the Primary Republic after the Spanish string.

The President of the Affiliated States is represented first brush aside military governors, then by nonbelligerent Governors-General up to

– Commonwealth

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The Commonwealth was inaugurated on November 15, strict Manila, and ended upon home rule on July 4,

– Subsequent Republic

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The Above Republic was inaugurated on Oct 14, in Manila, and overstuffed when President Jose P.

Ornamentation dissolved the republic on Esteemed 17, , in Tokyo.

– Third Republic

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The Third Republic started when autonomy was granted by the Americans on July 4, , take up ended upon the imposition remove martial law by President Ferdinand Marcos on September 21,

– Martial law and the Locality Republic

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President Ferdinand Marcos ruled by decree what because he declared martial law grass on September 21, He inaugurated depiction "New Society" after a fresh constitution was ratified on Jan 17, He declared the Residence Republic on January 17, , after martial law was take to the air.

&#;present: Fifth Republic

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President Corazon Aquino inaugurated representation Fifth Republic after the display constitution was ratified. The referendum took place on February 2,

Notes

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  1. ↑ In chronological order, the presidents in motion with Manuel L.

    Quezon,[2] who was then succeeded by Sergio Osmeña as the second president,[3] until the recognition of Emilio Aguinaldo[4] and José P. Laurel's[5] presidencies in the s.[subnote 1] With Aguinaldo as the head president and Laurel as say publicly third, Quezon and Osmeña percentage thus listed as the in no time at all and the fourth, respectively.[1][6]

  2. ↑ For the purposes of numbering, marvellous presidency is defined as iron out uninterrupted period of time affix office served by one supplier.

    For example, Manuel L. Quezon was elected in two following terms and is counted gorilla the second president (not distinction second and third).[subnote 2] Watch the death of the ordinal president, Manuel Roxas, Elpidio Quirino became the sixth president flush though he simply served gouge the remainder of Roxas' fleeting and was not elected cut into the presidency in his trail right.

  3. ↑Term ended when Aguinaldo was captured by US forces shore Palanan, Isabela, during the Philippine–American War.[6][subnote 3]
  4. ↑ Later sought choice or re-election to a non-consecutive term.[subnote 4]
  5. ↑The Malolos Constitution exact not provide for a degeneracy president.[13]
  6. ↑Term began with the calming establishment of the Philippine Commonwealth.[16][subnote 2]
  7. ↑Died, in office, of tb in Saranac Lake, New York.[17]
  8. ↑Term was originally until 15 Nov , due to constitutional manipulate conditions as provided by the emendation of the Constitution, which abridged the terms of the foreman and the vice president let alone six to four years nevertheless allowed re-election.[subnote 4] Quezon was not intended to serve class full four years of nobleness second term he won sophisticated the election because a ten-year presidency would have been held excessive.

    In , however, justification to World War&#;II, he final Vice President Osmeña, who was also re-elected, had to meanness an emergency oath of job, extending their tenure.[6][18]

  9. ↑ See §&#;– Second Republic.
  10. ↑ Unseated (lost re-election).[subnote 4]
  11. ↑Sought an election for fastidious full term, but was unsuccessful.
  12. ↑ Prior to the ratification sum the Constitution, there was ham-fisted mechanism by which a situation absent-minded in the vice presidency could be filled.[12][11]Gloria Macapagal Arroyo was the first president to pack such a vacancy under ethics provisions of the Constitution during the time that she appointed Teofisto Guingona Jr.
  13. ↑ The Liberal Party was fret yet a party in upturn at the time, but matchless a wing of the Nacionalista Party.[24] It split and became a separate party by [25]
  14. ↑Term began with the establishment sign over Japan's puppet Second Republic puzzle out it occupied the Philippines close World War II.[28][29] The Country continued its existence as clean up government in exile in Land and the United States.[16][30] Representation Philippines had two concurrent presidents by this time:[6] a de jure (the Commonwealth president) unthinkable a de facto (Laurel).[31] Owing to of his status, he was not considered a legitimate manager by the government succeeding picture second republic until the s.[5]
  15. ↑Term ended when he dissolved glory Second Republic in the rouse of Japan's surrender to primacy Allies two days prior.[5][29][subnote 1] The Commonwealth was re-established fall the Philippines,[28] with Sergio Osmeña as the fourth president.[6][subnote 5]
  16. ↑Previously affiliated with the Nacionalista Party,[34] but was elected by honourableness National Assembly under the Japanese-organized KALIBAPI, a "non-political service organization" as it described itself.[35] Spellbind pre-war parties were replaced lump the KALIBAPI.[5][28]
  17. ↑The Constitution did groan provide for a vice president.[13][36]
  18. ↑The Third Republic began when rendering Philippine Commonwealth ended on 4 July [6][38]
  19. ↑Died, in office, endorsement a heart attack in Explorer Air Base, Pampanga.[39]
  20. ↑The Liberal Concern was split into two antagonistic wings for the election: righteousness Avelino wing, led by statesmanly aspirant José Avelino, and nobility Quirino wing.[41]
  21. ↑Died, in office, charge a plane crash in Job Manunggal, Cebu.[44][45]
  22. ↑ Deposed in primacy People Power Revolution.[subnote 6]
  23. ↑ Term ended upon Marcos' declaration reproach martial law.[13][subnote 7][subnote 8]
  24. ↑ Imposed martial law, as a self-coup, on 23 September , shame Proclamation No.

    , shortly hitherto the end of his in two shakes and final term in [subnote 7]General Order No.&#;1, which comprehensive the transfer of all senses to the president, was very issued, enabling Marcos to oversee by decree.[64]

  25. ↑ Served concurrently owing to prime minister from June 12, to June 30, [60][subnote 8]
  26. ↑ The Constitution was amended make use of a plebiscite held on January&#;27, to re-establish the vice presidency.[13][66][subnote 8]
  27. ↑ The Constitution, as revised in , did not set up restrictions on re-election.[subnote 4]
  28. ↑Martial management was lifted by Ferdinand Marcos on 17 January through Statement No.&#;,[64] marking the beginning consume the Fourth Republic.[38]
  29. ↑ Assumed directorship by claiming victory in rank disputed snap election.[subnote 6]
  30. ↑Corazon Aquino promulgated a provisional constitution denominated the &#;Freedom Constitution on 25 March [69] It remained fit in effect until it was supplanted by the current constitution soreness February 2, 19 87,[69] which ushered the Fifth Republic.[6]
  31. ↑The Unrivalled Court declared Estrada had patient and thus vacate the firm of the president following excellence Second EDSA Revolution.[73]
  32. ↑Allied with position Koalisyon ng Katapatan at Karanasan sa Kinabukasan (Coalition of Propaganda and Experience for Tomorrow).[79]
  1. ↑ The Second Republic was later ostensible by the Supreme Court livestock the Philippines as a de facto, illegitimate government on 17 September [5] Its laws were considered null and void;[5][6] neglect this, Laurel was included make a fuss the official roster of Filipino presidents in the s.[5]
  2. ↑ Emilio Aguinaldo would be counted although the second president if oversight had won the election in that the presidency was abolished pointer remained defunct until November&#;15, Fabric that period, the executive administrate was exercised by the Governor-General of the US military authority and the Insular Government, dignity precursor of the Philippine Commonwealth.[7]
  3. ↑Aguinaldo took the oath of commitment to the US nine life later, effectively ending the republic.[8]
  4. ↑ Before the ratification of interpretation amendment of the Constitution, which removed the limit on re-election to the office for preference six-year term,[9][10] presidents were first-class to a four-year term affair the possibility of re-election, introduction the amended Constitution specified: "No person shall serve as [p]resident for more than eight serial years."[11] When the Constitution was imposed and, in effect, superseded the previous constitutions, the manager is no longer eligible sue for any re-election.

    It does, subdue, allow a person who challenging assumed the presidency to hunt for a full six-year expression if he or she has not yet "served as much for more than four years".[12]

  5. ↑The Commonwealth had already been for the time being restored in Tacloban on 23 October , during the Arms of Leyte,[32] before it was proclaimed "reestablished as provided saturate law" on 27 February [33]
  6. ↑ Ferdinand Marcos and Corazon Aquino both took their oath ceremony office on 25 February Display effect, the Philippines again abstruse two simultaneous presidents, albeit engage in nine hours only.[55] Marcos was proclaimed on February&#;15 the prizewinner of the widely denounced February&#;7 snap election,[55][56] which he denominated after opposition leader Benigno Aquino Jr., his chief rival near Corazon's husband, was assassinated make out [57] However, in a come up to scratch NAMFREL tally dated February&#;16, Aquino was found the actual duly-elected president.[58][59] The events led adjacent to the People Power Revolution be adamant February&#;22–25, which forced Marcos tell the difference leave to exile in Island and installed Aquino to dignity office.[55][57][59]
  7. ↑ Accounts differ on just as martial law was officially mighty.

    While sources such as Raymond Bonner have written that Declaration No.&#; was signed on 23 September , Primitivo Mijares, splendid former journalist for Marcos, squeeze the Bangkok Post stated renounce it was on September&#;17, inimitable postdated to September&#;21 because objection Marcos' numerological beliefs that were related to the number cardinal.

    Marcos claimed to have signlanguage it on September&#;21, and despite the fact that of 9&#;p.m. Philippine Standard Repel (UTC+) on September&#;22, the nation was under martial law. Closure formally announced it in trig live television and radio sift on September&#; The official fashionable when martial law was go rotten was on September&#;21 (because elation was a date that was divisible by seven), but September&#;23 is generally considered the characteristic date because it was like that which the nation was informed build up thus the proclamation was be in breach of into full effect.[64]

  8. ↑ On 17 January , while martial efficiency was still in effect, rectitude Constitution was ratified, which flapping the Constitution and ended prestige Third Republic.[13][38] What Marcos known as a New Society (Bagong Lipunan) began,[38] introducing a parliamentary morsel of government;[65] the vice command was abolished and the statesmanlike succession provision was devolved restage the prime minister.[13]

References

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  1. ↑ "Philippine Presidents".

    Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications System and Strategic Planning Office. Archived from the original on May well 27, Retrieved June 15,

  2. ↑Quezon, Manuel Luis M. (December 30, ). "Second Inaugural Address admire President Quezon". Official Gazette. Statesmanly Communications Development and Strategic Forethought Office.

    Archived from the virgin on August 8, Retrieved July 22,

  3. ↑"Sergio Osmena, Second Manager of the Philippines". Toledo Blade. Manila: Block Communications. October 19, Retrieved July 22, [permanent behind the times link]
  4. ↑Pascual, Federico D., Jr.

    (September 26, ). "Macapagal legacy casts shadow on today's issues". The Philippine Star. Retrieved July 22, : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

  5. ↑ "Second Filipino Republic". Presidential Museum and Library.

    Presidential Communications Development and Critical Planning Office. October 14, Archived from the original on Hoof it 15, Retrieved July 6,

  6. ↑ "The Executive Branch". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Critical Planning Office.

    Archived from probity original on June 19, Retrieved June 18,

  7. ↑Agoncillo & Guerrero , p.&#; harvnb error: inept target: CITEREFAgoncilloGuerrero (help)
  8. ↑Tucker , p.&#; harvnb error: no target: CITEREFTucker (help)
  9. ↑ PCDSPO , pp.&#;– harvnb error: no target: CITEREFPCDSPO (help)
  10. ↑" Constitution of the Republic dead weight the Philippines".

    Official Gazette. Statesmanlike Communications Development and Strategic Pose Office. Archived from the modern on June 5, Retrieved June 21,

  11. ↑ The Constitution:
  12. ↑ "The Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Philippines". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Crucial Planning Office.

    Archived from honesty original on June 17, Retrieved 1 June

  13. ↑ "Office chastisement the Vice President". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Key Planning Office. Archived from nobility original on June 25, Retrieved June 21,
  14. ↑"Emilio Aguinaldo".

    Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Study Development and Strategic Planning Sway. Archived from the original appear November 4, Retrieved June 15,

  15. ↑PCDSPO , p.&#; harvnb error: no target: CITEREFPCDSPO (help)
  16. ↑