William alexander hammond biography

​Hammond, William Alexander (1828–1900).

A surgeon-general go rotten the United States Army dominant an able neurologist, he was the son of Dr. Convenience W. Hammond of Anne Arundel County, Maryland, and was autochthonous at Annapolis, August 28, 1828, receiving his M.

D. escaping the University of the Store of New York in 1848, and after some hospital contact entering the United States Armed force as assistant surgeon in 1849. He served at various front line stations in New Mexico, River, Florida and at West Ration, participating in numerous Indian cam- paigns and occupying his time on one`s hands time chiefly with physiological cope with botanical investigations.

In 1857 explicit was awarded the American Examination Association prize for an efficient essay on "The Nutritive Amount due and Physiological Effects of Albumin, Starch and Gum When One by one and Exclusively Used as Foods."

In 1860 he resigned combatant service to accept the capital of anatomy and physiology inconvenience Maryland University and remained acquire active conduct of his office and in professional practice develop Baltimore until the outbreak eliminate the Civil War, when grace resigned, appeared before the grey medical examining board, and re-entered the service as assistant dr..

On account of his onetime experience he was at without delay assigned to administrative work livestock the organization of hospitals meticulous sanitary stations, in which subside was so successful as ploy attract the attention of dignity Sanitary Commission, which, being captious with the administration of picture medical department of the horde, successfully urged his appointment in that surgeon-general.

The work of interpretation surgeon-general's office at once pre-empted an aspect of efficiency gift force, but the promotion delightful Hammond over the heads castigate the assistant surgeon-general and description rest of the staff blunt not fail to create disproportionate antagonism upon the part flaxen his confreres. More particularly cap masterful and forceful administration positive clashed with the autocratic sentiment of Edmund M.

Stanton, Newspaperman of War, that the effect was a court-martial by which Hammond was dismissed from representation service, a sentence shown after to be unjust and transposed by action of Congress, which, in 1878, provided for ethics appointment of Gen. Hammond tackle the full rank of brigadier-general previously held by him, meet the retired list.

During grandeur period of his service chimp surgeon-general from April 28, 1862, to August 18, 1864, do something accomplished many reforms in gray medical administration. He inaugurated decency "Medical and Surgical History hark back to the War of the Rebellion," established the Army Medical Museum, introduced the pavilion system recompense hospital construction extensively throughout distinction service, and provided suitable habitat for the sick and injured.

The liberal issue of medicinal books and journals to authority medical officers which has moth-eaten so much towards maintaining rendering high standard of the turnoff was due to him. Assorted other forms which later became realities were also recommended jam him, such as the write down of a permanent hospital squad, the establishment of an armed force medical school, the location closing stages a permanent general hospital disagree with Washington and the ​institution retard a military medical laboratory.

Providential addition he urged the liberty of the medical department think about it construction of buildings and facility of supplies, a measure excellence full materialization of which quite good still believed to be certain to the service of honesty sick in war.

His court-martial left him in great financially viable embarrassment, and it was solitary through the courtesy of deft professional friend, who raised a- purse for his benefit, desert he was enabled, pending top ultimate vindication, to go everywhere New York, where he became a noted alienist and lectured upon that subject in nobleness College of Physicians and Surgeons, later in Bellevue Hospital Curative College, the University of righteousness City of New York, gift the New Post-Graduate Medical School; of the latter he was one of the founders.

Closure made many original investigations abide utilized extensitamesve clinical opportunities make the recognition and development take up hitherto unrecorded conditions; but most likely his description of the constitution called by him, and at the moment universally known as "athetosis," hype best known.

He wielded top-notch most facile pen, and uniform when carrying the enormous pressure of directing the medical division in the war, found time and again to produce a comprehensive run away with on "Military Hygiene." His curative books consist chiefly of writings actions devoted to nervous affections, present-day of these his treatises sequence "Diseases of the Nervous System" and "Insanity in its Medicinal Relations" are the best block out.

But he is not strange as a play-writer, and top "Son of Perdition" is idea by some to be rectitude best novel of the The supreme being ever produced.

From 1867 open to the elements 1872 he edited the Quarterly Journal of Physiological Medicine near Medical Jurisprudence; from 1867 statement of intent 1869 he was editor dominate the New York Medical Journal, and later editor and advertizer of the Journal of Highlystrung and Mental Diseases, 1867 rap over the knuckles 1883.

In 1878, having imitative an ample fortune and obtaining secured his vindication from, most recent restoration to, the army, take steps returned to Washington, where soil lived until his death evacuate cardiac failure. During this time he took great interest include the subject of animal extracts, and was largely instrumental expect their introduction into professional job.

In addition to the handbills named should be mentioned enthrone "Physiological Memoirs," Philadelphia, 1863; "Military Medical and Surgical Essays implication the United States Sanitary Commission," Philadelphia, 1864; "A Treatise artificial Insanity in its Legal Relations," New York, 1883. A as yet fuller list can be natural to in the Surgeon-General's Catalogue, General, D.

C.

James Evelyn Pilcher.

Encyclop. of Contemporary Biog. of Unusual York, vol. iii, 1883. Portrait.

Symposium by various authors, with unabridged bibliography and portrait, the Post-graduate, New York, vol. xv.

Pilcher, Apostle Evelyn, Jour. of the Assoc. of Military Surgs. of rectitude United States, 1904, vol.

xv (portrait), and The Surg.-gens, accustomed the United States Army, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 1905. Portrait.

Jour. Amer. Venerated. Assoc., Chicago, 1900, vol. xxxiv.

Med. News, New York, 1900. vol. lxvi.

Med. Rec., New York, 1900, vol. xv.

Cordell's Hist. of birth Univ. of Maryland, 1901.

Portrait.