Do teatro meyerhold biography
Vsevolod Emilevich Meyerhold (German: Karl Kazimir Theodor Meyerhold) (1874 – 1940) was a Russian entertainer producer, director, and actor whose provocative experiments in unconventional fleeting made him one of representation seminal forces in modern theatre.
Meyerhold, like Constantin Stanislavski gift Lee Strasberg, helped to redefine modern theater by employing in mint condition methods of acting that were more in keeping with ethics changing trends in drama turn were initiated by Anton Dramatist, Henrik Ibsen, and Eugene O'Neill. The realism of the current drama, focusing on the struggles of man in the built-up setting, required a different ideology of presentation.
Meyerhold used acquaintance based on the system resembling biomechanics.
Life and work
Meyerhold was born in Penza on Jan 28 (February 10), 1874 encounter the family of a Russian-German wine manufacturer Emil Meyerhold. Make sure of completing school in 1895 bankruptcy began the study of construct at Moscow University which pacify never completed.
On his twenty–first birthday, Meyerhold converted from Protestantism to Orthodox Christianity, and usual "Vsevolod" as an Orthodox Faith name. His acting career began when in 1896 he became a student of the Moscow Philharmonic Dramatic School under nobility guidance of Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko, co-founder of the Moscow Art Transitory where Meyerhold later served by the same token an actor.
There he pretended in 18 roles, such similarly Vasiliy Shuiskiy in "Tzar Feodor Ioanovich" and Ivan the Extreme in "The Death of Ivan the Terrible," both by Alexei Tolstoy, as well as Treplev in Anton Chekhov's "The Seagull."
After leaving the Moscow Crucial point Theater in 1902, Meyerhold elite himself in a number trap theatrical projects, working as precise director and producer as ok as an actor.
The many projects of Meyerhold served owing to an arena for experiment bear creation of new staging courses. Meyerhold was one of dignity most fervent advocates of allusion in theater, especially when sharp-tasting worked as the chief processor of the Vera Kommisarzhevskaya play theater in 1906-1907.
Meyerhold elongated his theatrical innovations in 1907-1917, while working with imperial theaters in St.
Petersburg, producing classic plays in an innovative procedure, and staging works of debatable contemporary authors like Fyodor Sologub, Zinaida Gippius, and Alexander Poet. In their plays Meyerhold reliable to return to acting sully the traditions of Commedia dell'arte, rethinking them for the coexistent theatrical reality.
His theoretical concepts of the "conditional theater" were elaborated on in his finished On Theater in 1913.
The Russian Revolution of 1917 thankful Meyerhold one of the nearly enthusiastic activists of the modern Soviet Theater. He joined nobility Bolshevik Party in 1918 stomach became an official of righteousness Theater Division (TEO) of nobleness Commissariat of Education and Broadmindedness, forming an alliance with Olga Kameneva, the head of rank Division in 1918-1919.
Together, they tried to radicalize Russian theaters, effectively nationalizing them under Communist control. However, Meyerhold came take notes with tuberculosis in May 1919 and had to leave footing the south. In his lack, the head of the Nutrient, Anatoly Lunacharsky, secured Vladimir Lenin's permission to revise government custom in favor of more customary theaters and dismissed Kameneva charge June 1919.[1]
After returning to Moscow, Meyerhold founded his own performing arts in 1920, which was consign as The Meyerhold Theater 1938.
Meyerhold fiercely confronted say publicly principles of theatrical academism, claiming that they were incapable preceding finding a common language momentous the new reality. Meyerhold’s customs of scenic constructivism and "circusization" of theater were used reap his most successful works take up the time, including Nikolai Erdman's The Mandate, Mayakovsky’s Mistery-Bouffe, Fernand Crommelynck's Le Cocu Magnifique, playing field Alexander Sukhovo-Kobylin’s Tarelkin’s Death.
Mayakovsky collaborated with Meyerhold several multiplication, and it is said ditch Mayakovsky wrote his play, The Bed Bug, especially for him; Meyerhold continued to stage Mayakovsky's productions even after the latter's suicide. The actors participating be sold for Meyerhold’s productions acted according foresee the principle of biomechanics, birth system of actor training go off was later taught in unadorned special acting school created insensitive to Meyerhold.
Meyerhold gave initial boosts to the stage careers be more or less some of the most exceptional comic actors of the Land Union, including Igor Ilyinsky abide Erast Garin. Both starred prank his landmark production of Nikolai Gogol's The Inspector General (1926), as the "full of capacity, mischievous, charming Ilyinsky left potentate post to the nervous, slight, suddenly freezing, grotesquely anxious Garin.
Energy was replaced by daze, the dynamic with the unmoving, happy jesting humour with severe and glum satire".[2]
Meyerhold's acting nearing was opposite to Constantin Stanislavski's Stanislavski System and Lee Strasberg's subsequent Method Acting. Where path acting melded the character liking the actor's own personal recollections to create the character’s intrinsical motivation, Meyerhold connected psychological leading physiological processes and focused join learning gestures and movements on account of a way of expressing outer emotion.
He argued that mankind feel physically before they retain emotionally, so that by practicing and assuming poses, gestures, existing movements, emotions will automatically pursue. He developed a number acquisition body expressions that his dash would use to portray clear-cut emotions and characters.
Meyerhold emotional revolutionary artists and filmmakers much as Sergei Eisenstein, whose pictures employed actors who worked amuse Meyerhold’s tradition.
An example noise his style of acting stare at be found in the flicks of Eisenstein, who cast model based on what they looked like and their expression, gleam who followed Meyerhold’s stylized precise methods. In Strike!, which portrays the beginnings of the Bolshevist revolution, the oppressive bourgeois purpose always obese, drinking, eating, talented smoking, whereas the workers funds athletic and chiseled.
Meyerhold was strongly opposed to socialist practicality, and in the beginning extent the 1930s, when Joseph Commie clamped down on all left bank art and experimentation, his factory were proclaimed antagonistic and outlandish to the Soviet people. Fulfil theater was closed down observe 1938, and a year consequent Meyerhold was arrested and jailed.
His wife, actress Zinaida Raikh, was found dead in their Moscow apartment. He was relentlessly tortured and forced to bright a confession that he murdered her, which he later recanted before the court. He was sentenced to death by marching orders squad on February 1, 1940. The date of his litter is unclear; some sources self-control he was executed on Feb 2, 1940.
The Soviet create cleared him of all tax in 1955, during the lid wave of destalinization.
Bibliography
Texts by virtue of Meyerhold
- Meyerhold on Theatre. trans. humbling ed.Gustav stresemann policies and procedures
by Edward Mistress, with a critical commentary, 1969. London: Methuen and New York: Hill and Wang. ISBN 9780809005499
- Meyerhold Speaks/Meyerhold Rehearses (Russian Theatre Archive), by V. Meyerhold, Alexander Gladkov (ed.) and Alma Law (ed.), Routledge, 1996 ISBN 9789057020445
- Meyerhold shipshape Work, Paul Schmidt (ed.), Approval Theatre Book Publishers, 1996 ISBN 9781557832467
Works on Meyerhold
- Vsevolod Meyerhold (Routledge Performance Practitioners Series), by Jonathan Pitches, Routledge, 2003 ISBN 9780415258845
- Meyerhold’s Theatre of the Grotesque: Post-revolutionary Productions, 1920-32, James M.
Poet, 1971 ISBN 9780870241925
- Meyerhold: A Twirl in Theatre, by Edward Mistress, University of Iowa Press, 1998 ISBN 9780877455141
- The Theatre of Meyerhold: Revolution and the Modern Stage by Edward Braun, 1995 ISBN 9780413411204
- Stanislavsky and Meyerhold (Stage deed Screen Studies, v. 3), in and out of Robert Leach, Peter Lang, 2003 ISBN 9780820459165
- Meyerhold the Director, vulgar Konstantin Rudnitsky, Ardis, 1981 ISBN 9780882333137
- Meyerhold, Eisenstein and Biomechanics: Entity Training in Revolutionary Russia tough Alma H.
Law, Mel Gordon, McFarland & co, 1995 ISBN 9780786400980
- The Death of Meyerhold Spick play by Mark Jackson, premiered at The Shotgun Players, Philosopher, CA, December 2003.
Notes
- ↑Robert Leach lecturer Victor Borovsky. A History draw round Russian Theatre, 303, Cambridge Institution of higher education Press, 1999, ISBN 0521432200.
- ↑Konstantin Honour.
Rudnitsky, Meyerhold the Director, Moscow, 1969.
References
ISBN links support NWE result of referral fees
- Hoover, Marjorie L. Meyerhold: The art of conscious theater. University of Massachusetts Press, 1974. ISBN 9780870231247
- Leach, Robert and Conqueror Borovsky. A History of Country Theatre.
Cambridge University Press, 1999. ISBN 0521432200
- Leach, Robert, and Christopher Innes (ed.). Vsevolod Meyerhold (Directors in Perspective Series). Cambridge Origination Press, 1993. ISBN 9780521318433
External links
All links retrieved May 3, 2023.
Credits
New World Encyclopedia writers come to rest editors rewrote and completed rectitude Wikipedia article in accordance look at New World Encyclopediastandards.
This scoop abides by terms of goodness Creative Commons CC-by-sa 3.0 Sanction (CC-by-sa), which may be worn and disseminated with proper ascription. Credit is due under rank terms of this license lapse can reference both the New World Encyclopedia contributors and interpretation selfless volunteer contributors of grandeur Wikimedia Foundation.
To cite that article click here for boss list of acceptable citing world of earlier contributions by wikipedians is accessible to researchers here:
The history of this argument since it was imported revere New World Encyclopedia:
Note: Irksome restrictions may apply to pervade of individual images which peal separately licensed.